The Epidemiology of COVID-19 Novel Corona Virus in Incidence and the Distribution of the Disease across the World

Background and Objective: This Article focuses on providing details about the origin of the COVID-19 and the distribution among the community. Which part of community in Age, Gender, race and with chronic illness are more vulnerable to get COVID-19. COVID-19 Corona virus attacks on Lungs, Heart and other viscera of the body till a person died. The study focuses on two things which Articles are in favor of immediate Governmental actions against the Pandemic COVID-19, Which Articles discusses the Preventive measures about the COVID-19? Methods: The Author of this Article has selected various Randomly selected Publications to study the Epidemiology of COVID-19 its Incidence Distribution and Control measures. The Author has focused on Literature Review of the Articles suggesting the Important role of Governments and their Health Agencies to fight against COVID-19 Pandemic. The Preventive methods on Educating local population and providing Personal Protective Equipment’s for Health care workers and Front-line staff, Security staff and other organizations. Results: The Author of this Article has represented the Review of 20 Different Articles about two things. Firstly, after data collection of 12 Randomly selected Articles that 9 Articles fully support of immediate Governmental actions against the Pandemic COVID-19. Second, all 10 randomly selected Articles discusses the Preventive measures about the COVID-19. The Author has used SPSS 19 software for Diagrammatic presentation of the data and for results. Conclusion: irresponsibly Due to slow action to implement Preventive actions against COVID-19 approximately 300,000 people have lost their lives and more than four million people are Infected across the world. Better preparations are needed in the future to fight against such a cruel Pandemic disease.


Introduction
The outbreak of emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease   is posing a great threat for global public health [1].
A pandemic of 2019 novel coronavirus [2] (COVID- 19) is an international problem and factors associated with increased risk of mortality have been reported. However there exists limited statistical method to estimate a comprehensive risk for a case in which a patient has several characteristics and symptoms concurrently. We acteristics and symptoms. In the analyses, age, fever as an onset symptom, and sex were used as explanatory variables, and death as the objective variable. Among 265 patients included in the analysis the interrelations for estimating death were determined as age and fever and sex (p < 0.0001 for both operators) [2].
The bats [3] are the most probable original reservoir based on the current evidence. However, it is notable that Wuhan Huanan seafood market may not be the only source of SARS-CoV-2 spreading globally. Cohen pointed out Wuhan Huanan seafood market was not the only origin of SARS-CoV-2 by analyzing the epidemiology of 41 cases in the earliest study. Pangolins may act as one of intermediate hosts. More work is needed to provide more precise information about original reservoir and intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2. Table 1 lists some information of studies about the genome   sequence identity with SARS-CoV-2   Five of seven human coronavirus [4] was isolated in this century. Unfortunately, last three of them entered our life with a fear of outbreak, pandemic or death. Initial reports showed that, its origin was bats. It transmitted human to human by droplet and contact routes, but some doubt about airborne, fecal or intrauterine transmission also should be removed. Its R0 value is 2.3 but it could be

American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research
Copy@ Ahsan Ali Siddiqui as high as 5.7. Its case fatality rate was 6.3, but it was different in different ages and counties, and it could be over 15%. According to early models total 10-12 weeks is required to control an outbreak in the community. While different countries show different daily case numbers, total number of cases, case mortality rates or R0 [4] it seems they show a similar epidemic curve.
Coronaviruses are [5] enveloped positive single-stranded large RNA viruses that infect humans but also a wide range of animals.
Coronaviruses were first described in 1966 by Tyrell and Bynoe who cultivated the viruses from patients with common colds. Based on their morphology as spherical virions with a core shell and surface projections resembling a solar corona, they were termed coronaviruses (Latin: corona= crown). Four subfamilies namely alpha, beta, gamma and delta coronaviruses exist. While alpha and beta coronaviruses apparently originate from mammals in particular from bats gamma and delta viruses originate from pigs and birds [5] (Figure 3).

Results
The Author of this Article has represented the Review of 20 Different Articles about two things. Firstly, after data collection of 12 Randomly selected Articles that 9 Articles fully support of immediate Governmental actions against the Pandemic COVID-19. Second, all 10 randomly selected Articles discusses the Preventive measures about the COVID-19. The Author has used SPSS 19 software for Diagrammatic presentation of the data and for results [7][8][9].

American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research
Copy@ Ahsan Ali Siddiqui     The virus is closely related (96.3%) to bat coronavirus [12] RaTG13 based on phylogenetic analysis. Human to human transmission has been confirmed even from asymptomatic carriers. The virus has spread to at least 200 countries and more than 1,700,000 confirmed cases and 111,600 deaths have been recorded with massive global increases in the number of cases daily. Therefore, the WHO has declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The disease is characterized by fever, dry cough, and chest pain with pneumonia in severe cases. In the beginning the world public health authorities tried to eradicate the disease in China through quarantine but are now transitioning to prevention strategies worldwide to delay its spread. To date there are no available vaccines or specific therapeutic drugs to treat the virus. There are many knowledge gaps about the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2, leading to misinformation. Therefore, in this review we provide recent information about [12] COVID-19 pandemic.
Change is already happening and rural communities [13] are leading the way. One powerful example comes from the Yurok Reservation in Northern California. In that remote rural location messaging around COVID-19 has been informed by tribal leadership to ensure that it is culturally relevant and resonant. The rapid transformation of our health and economic landscape in the wake of COVID-19 has the power to correct longstanding inequities that are particularly evident now and to ensure that rural communities especially majority non-white rural communities have sufficient access to health care services infrastructure broadband education and economic opportunity. May the legacy of our COVID-19 response be to repair the neglect faced by [13] diverse rural communities across America.

Discussion
Several independent research groups [14] have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to β-coronavirus with highly identical genome  Professor Wenhong Zhang [15] is responsible for Shanghai's overall clinical management of the COVID-19 cases (Figure 6 & 7).

American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research
Copy@ Ahsan Ali Siddiqui  Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and the current literature on SARS-CoV-2 we discuss potential mechanisms by which diabetes modulates the host-viral interactions and host immune responses. We hope to highlight gaps in knowledge that require further studies pertinent to COVID-19 [16] patients with diabetes.
While resource allocation will be crucial [17][18][19] here we would like to concentrate on questions of decision-making regarding public health measures in the face of an evolving pandemic. The Nuffield Council on Bioethics has emphasized that Public health measures should be evidence based and proportionate. The aims of interventions should be clearly communicated to the public. Coercion and intrusion into people's lives should be kept to a minimum. People should be treated as moral equals worthy of respect. The respect due to individuals should never be forgotten when interventions such as quarantine and self-isolation are implemented, Solidarity is crucial. Public health measures designed to limit spread of a virus in this case the novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 because its closest relative is the coronavirus that caused the SARS epidemic often impinge on valued civil liberties [19].
The decision to place a COVID-19 patient [20] on a ventilator is not clear cut and neither are the outcomes. We will never fully un-ent. But recognizing when patterns of care and outcomes reported fall outside of one's own norms are essential to make the best use of these data for real time care. So, while we scrutinize these reports and extract what is universal and can be applied to our understanding and care of patients locally, we need to recognize and report on the enormous drivers of differences, and be vigilant in presentation of data to minimize confusion in interpretation. The variability of findings has always existed in studies of mechanical ventilation for critically ill patients. COVID-19 is not an exception [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] merely an amplifier of these differences.